Botulinum toxin does not act on the skin but on the muscle beneath it, which is why it suits expression lines rather than loss of volume — fillers do that, and the two are often combined. Beyond wrinkles, the same principle is applied very precisely: to raise descended brows, accentuate the upper lip, stabilise a nasal tip that drops when smiling, or correct a gummy smile. A second, purely medical application is the treatment of excessive sweating; all of these are outpatient treatments of ten to twenty minutes with no downtime.





